Professional Foreign language ECN/ENG2101 L, Mussurov Altay

Planning, analysing, monitoring, organising, reviewing and controlling an organisation’s monetary resources. Responsibility for financial management often falls to the finance director, and by extension the financial department.

Also known as a financial year, the fiscal year is a set period used to calculate financial statements. The period used differs between countries and between businesses, although in the UK the year between 6th April and 5th April is most often used for personal taxation. The ‘official’ period for corporation tax runs from 1st April to 31st March, however companies can adopt any yearly period for corporation tax.

Any cost that remains the same in the short-term, despite changes in volume. Fixed costs usually include, for example, rent, interest and salaries.

This list is made up of the 100 most highly capitalised blue-chip companies on the London Stock Exchange.

These are financial contracts that secure a predetermined future date and price for an asset. The assets used in futures contracts include commodities, stocks, and bonds.

An attractive package (typically a bonus, or stock options) that are offered to a senior employee as an incentive to join the company.

A golden share in a company is able to outvote all other shares in a specified circumstance.

During a business takeover, this is a bidder who has no clearly stated intentions.

The total amount of money you have earned in a period of time before deductions such as taxes.

GDP is the sum of all goods and services produced in the country’s economy. If it is up on the previous three months, the economy is growing. If GDP is down, the economy is contracting.